As I stated in my previous response, this feature does not exist in the Bitwarden Desktop app or Bitwarden browser extension. Therefore, you cannot list the entries that have a verification code, unless you are using a mobile app.
if you would like to increase the probability that Bitwarden may develop such a feature for the Desktop app and/or browser extensions in the future, you should vote in the feature request that I had linked above.
In the meantime, you may find it helpful to run the “Inactive 2FA Report”.