No expert here, but it’s FIDO2 / WebAuthn protocol (and not the FIDO/“FIDO1” U2F protocol).
(–> Passkey Two-Step Login | Bitwarden)
And it uses a non-discoverable credential (or server-side credential – “non-resident” would be a somewhat outdated terminology).
See this lengthy and also “confusing” – or “confused”
– thread: Discussion about U2F vs FIDO2 passkeys for Bitwarden Two-Step Login
It’s a thing – I posted the definitions here: Make Login Passkeys Identifiably Distinct from 2FA Passkeys on End Device - #18 by Nail1684
PS: The discussion about WebAuthn and U2F seems to be even more complicated – see this discussion here. If I sum up that discussion correctly, even older (FIDO1) “U2F” keys can still be added, but they then use the (FIDO2) WebAuthn protocol. (however this technically works… don’t ask me…)
