I read this article in “Log In With Passkeys | Bitwarden”.
But I still don’t understand a little, that is, if my hardware key (which supports encryption) is lost, and I have deleted my lost hardware key on my account, will this still directly or indirectly lead to the plaintext of the master password?
Hi @MCLOVER2021 and welcome to the Bitwarden Community! 
If your hardware key is lost and you remove it from your Bitwarden account, no, this will not lead to the plaintext of the master password. If you use a hardware key for encryption, this is a separate method of encryption, completely separate from your master password. You can read more on the different ways you can encrypt your Bitwarden vault here: Bitwarden Security Whitepaper | Bitwarden
I hope this helps, but do let us know if you have any other questions!
Thank you for your response, it reassures me a lot.